Solar Powered Irrigation System Design Free Energy After
Each irrigation kit comes with a pump mechanism powered by a solar panel, a suction pipe, hose for water distribution, and irrigation sprinklers. It is a method of energy production that gives free energy after making the initial investments (Harishankar et Besides the above components you need a few more things like Copper Wire, MC4 Connector, breaker, meter and fuses, etc.Futurepump manufactures portable, solar powered irrigation systems for use by smallholder farmers. The solar powered irrigation system is a suitable substitute for farmers in the recent condition. The current sustainable design system uses a solar photovoltaic (PV) array to stock power to a battery bank. It was powered by a gasoline generator. The well and pump system that provided irrigation initially (as of February 2017) used a centrifugal pump and an induction machine to extract the water from the well and feed the irrigation system.
There are many such load calculators available in the internet, for example this Off Grid Load Calculator.The output from the solar panel is dc power. Example:CFL = 11W x 5 hr = 55Fan = 50 W x 3hr = 150TV = 80W x 2hr = 160Now the load calculation is over, next thing is to choose the right components to match your load requirement.If you are not interested in doing the above maths then use a load calculator for this calculation. Calculate the total Watt Hour: Just as with the CFL we’ll now calculate the watt hour for all the appliances and add them together. Load Calculation Example:Lets you want to run a 11W compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) for 5 hours from a solar panel, then the watt hour is equal to: Calculate the Watt Hour which is equal to the product of the power rating of your appliances and run time (hours). See the specification chart in your appliances for power rating.
Solar panel voltage is not constant, it varies according to the sun light. Most of the appliances need a constant rated voltage to run efficiently. But doing this is not a good decision because… So if you want to run a dc load during day time then it seems to be very easy.
Lead acid tubular batteries are perfect for a solar system.Ni-MH batteries and Li-Ion batteries are also used many small power application. But the solar battery is a deep-cycle lead-acid battery that allows for partial discharge and allows for deep slow discharge. Car and bike batteries are designed for supplying short bursts of high current and then be recharged and are not designed for a deep discharge. Video: Battery Selection for Solar PowerThere are various kind of batteries. It will provide constant source of stable, reliable power.
So you can use either PWM or MPPT. Types of Charge Controllers:Try to avoid the ON/OFF charge controller as it is the least efficient.Among the 3 charge controllers MPPT have the highest efficiency but it is also costly. This allows the solar power system to operate optimally at all times. As the input voltage from the solar panel rises, the charge controller regulates the charge to the batteries preventing any over charging.Usually, the solar power systems uses 12 volt batteries, however solar panels can deliver far more voltage than is required to charge the batteries.By, in essence, converting the excess voltage into amps, the charge voltage can be kept at an optimal level while the time required to fully charge the batteries is reduced. It is used to maintain the proper charging voltage on the batteries.
AC electricity flows through every outlet of your home, powering the appliances. DC is then converted into alternating current (AC) through a device called an Inverter. For step by step instructions you can see my instructable on building a PWM Charge Controller.You may also like my new 3.0 design of an Arduino MPPT Solar Charge Controller.My 1600 VA pure sine wave inverter Video: Why We Need an Inverter in a Solar PV SystemSolar panels (PV) receive the sun’s rays and convert them into electricity called direct current (DC).
In our case it is obviously stand alone and completely off-the-grid. Typically modified sine wave inverters work at lower efficiency than pure sine wave inverters.So in my opinion choose a pure sine wave inverter.It may be grid tie or stand alone. Modified Sine Wave output is also not suitable for certain appliances, particularly those with capacitive and electromagnetic devices such as: a fridge, microwave oven and most kinds of motors.
South if you’re in the northern hemisphere or north if you’re in the southern hemisphere. The tilt of the stand is nearly equal to the latitude angle of your location.My 10 watt solar panel mounted on the standTilting : To get the most from solar panels, you need to point them in the direction that captures the maximum sun light, i.e. In my case I have taken the drawing from the solar panel company and made it at a near by welding shop. First choose a suitable location on the roof top, or on the ground, where there is no obstruction of sunlight.Prepare the mounting stand: You can make it by your own or buy one. This should be taken into account when choosing the right size of inverter.After designing the solar system, buy all the components with appropriate rating as per the previous steps.Now it is time to mount the solar panel. Likely have a starting power consumption several times greater than their normal working power (typically this is caused by electric motors or capacitors in such appliances).
I roughened up the surface at each leg of the stand by using a sharp object. Mark the leg position over the roof.To get the south / north direction use this compass android app (or even better, a real, physical compass!)I decided to secure my 255W solar panel mount on my roof with concrete. Use one of these formulas to find the best angle from the horizontal at which the panel should be tilted:If your latitude is below 25°, use the latitude times 0.87.If your latitude is between 25° and 50°, use the latitude, times 0.76, plus 3.1 degrees.First, place the stand in such a way that the face is directed towards south (or north if you’re in the southern hemisphere.
I made a heap shape concrete mix to give maximum strength.(You can of course secure it into place using other methods than concrete, this is just an example of a solution for my specific situation)Mount the panels to the stand: At the back sides the solar panel have inbuilt holes for mounting. Pour concrete mix at each leg of the stand. This is helpful for perfecting the bonding between the roof and concrete.Prepare concrete mix: Take cement and stones with 1:3 ratio then add water to make a thick mix.
The device in our case may be solar panel or battery.In series connection the individual voltages of each device is additive. Series Connection:To wire any device in series you must connect the positive terminal of one device to the negative terminal of the next device. To match the required voltage and current rating we have to use series and parallel connections. So you have to add a small solar panel or batteries to match your system requirement. In many cases the calculated solar panel size or battery is not readily available in the form of a single unit in the market.
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